Respiration

• Physical constraints on respiration
• Water Vapor
• Solubility of gases in water
• Solubility of CO2

Cellular Respiration summary

Mechanisms of respiration

• Aquatic animals,
• Those without respiratory organs
• Those with respiratory organs
  • Fish gills
  • Air breathing fish
  • Amphibia
  • buccal cavity and lungs
  • Insects
  • Air breathing
  • Aquatic insects
  • Notonecta
  • Aphelocheirus
  • Birds and reptiles
  • Adults
  • Eggs
  • Mammals
  • Lungs
  • Alveoli and the law of Laplace
  • Inhalation/exhalation-work of breathing

Heat and water loss during respiration

• dogs, reptiles and desert rats

Regulation of respiration

• Ventilation/Perfusion ratios
• Neural regulation of respiration
• Reflex control of respiration

Integrated response of respiration to changes in O2 and CO2

• Reduced availability of O2
• Due to altitude and increased CO2
• diving
• exercise

Reading

Eckert Animal Physiology-Mechanisms and Adaptations, 5th edition. Randall, Burggren and French. Chapter 13.

Schmidt Nielsen. Chapter 1